really interesting, thank you. i believe that china has favored the liang qichao approach of keeping the chinese soul and augmenting it with western techniques, over the more total westernizing sought by the may 4th movement including lu xun - quite a contrast to meiji japan and south korea. it makes sense that the chinese self-conception and gravity of the civilization would mean any foreign influence would struggle to displace the core, and only get synthesized at best. but this is a great analogy i hadn't thought of - buddhism x china as the prelude to western thought x china of the past century or so
It only occurred to me when I started writing about the Buddhist "borderland complex." The similarity just hit me. The identical struggle with an external "center," and the same pushback from the social orthodoxy.
I feel like the Western thought x China encounter might currently be at its Tang dynasty stage. It’s right in the thick of trying to reconcile the foreign "center" with its own cultural gravity, just before the homegrown synthesis fully takes over.
yes, i don't think there's been like a philosophical reconciliation or anything like that yet, but the direction is set, given the closing of the relative gap and increasing self-confidence and arrival on and pushing of the frontier in various areas. they've already learned and absorbed techniques especially in harder areas (tech, science) while in governance i think there are more learnings that they'll take (partially) when more confident, if only to increase responsiveness and adaptiveness
another interesting historical parallel i found from liang's writings was - back then there was a perfect inversion, with western overcapacity seeking to forcibly open up the chinese market to absorb their surplus, and a confident but backwards qing court unable and/or unwilling to rise to the threat. now china is seemingly doing the same to europe
Thank you for this article, which I found fascinating and illuminating. In particular, I had never thought about India and China each considering itself the Middle Kingdom. If only geographically, one can see that the Indian claim might be slightly stronger.
The clash between Buddhism and Taoism is also interesting, Though from the context here, I suspect that this was alchemical Taoism rather than the original strand of Laozi and Zhuangzi. My journey started out many years ago with Taoism and then into Buddhism, but I think the book 'China Root' by David Hinton offers a way to reconcile the two. His main thesis, as I recall it, is that Chinese Buddhism, particularly Chan Buddhism, owes much more to Taoism than is normally allowed.
The coevolution between Taoism, Buddhism, and Confucianism is fascinating, and it's an under-researched and underestimated dynamic. Looking closely at how they clashed and eventually merged could offer a window into how China handles ideological shifts today.
Indeed, the line between a Buddhist monk and a Taoist monk has always been blurry, as they sometimes share the same temple or the same mountain.
The comparison between Buddhism and universal values is intriguing. It is too soon to tell what will happen to universal values in China (which are by the way being challenged by right-wing nationalism in "the West". While China's ethnocentrism is striking, it is not unique. It can be seen in Europe and other places. What is striking is the much smaller (nearly totally absent) interest of Chinese intellectuals in the non Chinese world. I never really understood why this is the case.
I think people naturally struggle to find interest in something that is fundamentally different. I suspect a huge part of this is the translation and discourse gap.
Unlike Islam and Christianity (which share a God), or Europe and India (which share deep linguistic roots), China lacks an obvious cultural bridge. Even Japan has adapted Christian motifs so widely, just look at how popular manga rely on Messiah and bloodline narratives, making them instantly readable.
By contrast, intellectual debate within China remains deeply self-referential, built on historically specific concepts that are difficult to translate or find parallels for. And "socialism" might be the most familiar cultural bridge left for China, which kind of explains why the topics covered regarding China are so heavily focused on its politics, institutions, and commerce.
BTW, in relation to universal values, I see many young Chinese intellectuals adopting Christianity as a way of supporting universal values. Despite being a Western import (from Russia), communism also contributed to a certain self-isolation. I am very ignorant about Taiwan, but it would seem that Taiwanese intellectuals are not that interested in the non-Chinese world, so there may be a Chinese specificity. I think what you say about specific concepts is certainly true. A student once gave me the English translation of an ancient Chinese history book (from before the Qin) and I understood nothing, because it was all about context. Your recent post about the changes in Chinese language was very illuminating to me.
Speaking of Taiwan and the search for universal values/identity, this actually reminds me of a historical parallel during the Northern and Southern Dynasties (386–589 AD).
Most of China's most colossal and enduring Buddhist relics, like the Yungang 云冈 and Longmen 龙门 Grottoes, were constructed by the Northern Dynasties (such as Northern Wei and Northern Qi). These dynasties were ruled by non-Han ethnic groups, like the Xianbei, who were labeled as 'barbarians' by the Southern Dynasties. And the Southern claimed to be the sole defenders of traditional orthodoxy.
To counter this Sino-barbarian dichotomy and establish their own political and cultural legitimacy, the Northern rulers heavily patronized Buddhism. Since Buddhism was a universal religion, it offered a 'third path.' It allowed Northern emperors to bypass the traditional Confucian lineage. In a way, those massive monuments weren't just religious; they were political monuments designed to forge a distinct, unified cultural identity that could rival the South's monopoly on orthodoxy.
Great essay! But I have a quibble. You say, “Buddhism survived, but never again as a rival for the loyalty of the ruling class.” But as I recall, the Qing ruling elite were very much Buddhist.
CHINA WAS & is nothing😂😂😂😂. 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗪𝗲𝘀𝘁/𝗘𝗨𝗥𝗢𝗣𝗘 𝗵𝗲𝗹𝗽𝗲𝗱 𝗰𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘁𝗲 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗺𝘆𝘁𝗵 𝗼𝗳 𝗮 “𝗖𝗵𝗶𝗻𝗲𝘀𝗲 𝗲𝗺𝗽𝗶𝗿𝗲” 𝘁𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝗻𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗿 𝘁𝗿𝘂𝗹𝘆 𝗲𝘅𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗱. 𝗖𝗵𝗶𝗻𝗮 𝗵𝗮𝘀 $𝟯.𝟯𝟱 𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗶𝗻 𝗳𝗼𝗿𝗲𝗶𝗴𝗻 𝗲𝘅𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲 𝗿𝗲𝘀𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗲𝘀, 𝘄𝗵𝗶𝗰𝗵 𝗶𝘀 𝘄𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝗴𝗶𝘃𝗲𝘀 𝗶𝘁 𝗹𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗿𝗮𝗴𝗲 𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗿 𝗔𝗺𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗰𝗮 (EUROPEAN LEFTOVERS). Because of this leverage China pushed for market access, local manufacturing & technology transfer from foreign firms operating in China. Foreign companies have long complained about pressure to share technology as a condition for operating in China.
𝗖𝗛𝗜𝗡𝗔 𝗵𝗮𝘀 𝗻𝗼𝘁𝗵𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗻𝗲𝘄 𝘁𝗼 𝗼𝗳𝗳𝗲𝗿 𝘁𝗼 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝘄𝗼𝗿𝗹𝗱, 𝗶𝘁 𝗰𝗼𝗽𝗶𝗲𝘀 𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘆𝘁𝗵𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗳𝗿𝗼𝗺 𝗔𝗠𝗘𝗥𝗜𝗖𝗔.𝗜𝘁 𝘄𝗶𝗹𝗹 𝘁𝗮𝗸𝗲 𝘁𝗶𝗺𝗲 𝗯𝘂𝘁 “𝗖𝗛𝗜𝗡𝗔 𝗪𝗜𝗟𝗟 𝗖𝗢𝗟𝗟𝗔𝗣𝗦𝗘". 𝗖𝗛𝗜𝗡𝗔 𝗜𝗦 𝗣𝗔𝗥𝗔𝗦𝗜𝗧𝗘 𝗖𝗥𝗘𝗔𝗧𝗘𝗗 𝗕𝗬 𝗪𝗛𝗜𝗧𝗘𝗦 𝗢𝗙 𝗔𝗠𝗘𝗥𝗜𝗖𝗔. This PARASITE is eating ASIA, it has to go, its destruction is inevitable & it will be permanent.
𝗨𝗡𝗜𝗧𝗘𝗗 𝗖𝗛𝗜𝗡𝗔 𝗜𝗦 𝗠𝗬𝗧𝗛, Tibet Is Not China. Taiwan Is Not China, East Turkistan Is Not China, Inner Mongolia Is Not China, Manchuria Is Not China. There is no “One China.” East Turkistan, Tibet, Hongkong, Southern Mongolia, and Manchuria will be freed from Chinese occupation, and China itself will be liberated from the brutal grip of the CCP regime.
In Methunadhamma (Vinaypitaka) of Buddhism, Buddhist monk raped girl child, she died. Buddha said,"There is no crime causing expulsion from Buddhist Sangha". All 7 Buddhist countries are made after committing genocides of local tribes. Buddhism originated in ancient India roughly 2,500 years ago. Consider BUDDHISM as field guide for ABRAHAMIC RELIGIONS.
4.4 billion creatures, comprising over 50% of the global population follow DESERT CULTS/CIRCUMCISED GANGS/Middle Eastern THINGS (JUDAISM=Source of Abrahamic cults, Christianity=Cheap copy of judaism, Islam=Judaism planted on Arab pagan culture) abuse vulnerable (WOMEN & CHILDREN). 𝑺𝒐, 𝒘𝒉𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒗𝒆𝒓 𝒚𝒐𝒖 𝒇𝒐𝒍𝒍𝒐𝒘, 𝒘𝒉𝒆𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓 𝒊𝒕’𝒔 “𝑴𝒀𝑻𝑯𝑰𝑪𝑨𝑳 𝑽𝑰𝑹𝑮𝑰𝑵 𝑭𝑼𝑪”𝑬𝑹 𝒁𝑶𝑴𝑩𝑰𝑬 𝑱𝑬𝑺𝑼𝑺 𝑪𝑯𝑹𝑰𝑺𝑻” 𝒐𝒓 𝑹𝑨𝑷”𝑺𝑻 𝘼𝙍𝘼𝘽 𝑴𝑼𝑯𝑨𝑴𝑴𝑨𝑫 𝒐𝒓 𝒔𝒉𝒐𝒗𝒆 𝒚𝒐𝒖𝒓 𝑪𝑶”𝑲 𝒊𝒏 𝒚𝒐𝒖𝒓 𝑹𝑬𝑪𝑻𝑼𝑴 & 𝒘𝒂𝒊𝒕 𝒇𝒐𝒓 “𝑶𝒍𝒂𝒎 𝑯𝒂-𝑩𝒂” 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒆𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒚, 𝒋𝒖𝒔𝒕 𝒍𝒆𝒂𝒗𝒆 𝒏𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒗𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒎𝒖𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒆𝒔 𝒂𝒍𝒐𝒏𝒆.
Certain groups (WHITES OF EUROPE & ISLAMISTS of Middle East) have normalized this idea that everyone must collectively take responsibility, regardless of actual involvement. So, FUCK WORLD WARS, FUCK HOLOCAUST, FUCK PALESTINE & FINAL FUCK goes to CIRCUMCISED GANGS (JUDAISM, Christianity, Islam).
“Everything happening in America is designed to benefit Europe, directly or indirectly, WORLD POLITICS & RELIGION ARE JUST THEATRICS”.
Interesting how Chinese Buddhists never took the Western Christian route of Crusade to "reclaim" the original homeland of their faith. Muslims both invaded and conquered Christian and Buddhist lands in the Levant and Northern India. Why the different approaches I wonder? Were the European Christians more sincere in their faith of Christianity, while the Chinese Buddhists were not?
I think it really comes down to how "religion" is defined; mapping Buddhism onto Christianity is mostly just a convenient parallel. Buddhism is not about the belief in a single God, it doesn’t view geography as sacred property to be conquered. This makes it more of a system that is designed to migrate, mutate, and breed across cultures
Oh this is a fantastic read! Thank you.
really interesting, thank you. i believe that china has favored the liang qichao approach of keeping the chinese soul and augmenting it with western techniques, over the more total westernizing sought by the may 4th movement including lu xun - quite a contrast to meiji japan and south korea. it makes sense that the chinese self-conception and gravity of the civilization would mean any foreign influence would struggle to displace the core, and only get synthesized at best. but this is a great analogy i hadn't thought of - buddhism x china as the prelude to western thought x china of the past century or so
It only occurred to me when I started writing about the Buddhist "borderland complex." The similarity just hit me. The identical struggle with an external "center," and the same pushback from the social orthodoxy.
I feel like the Western thought x China encounter might currently be at its Tang dynasty stage. It’s right in the thick of trying to reconcile the foreign "center" with its own cultural gravity, just before the homegrown synthesis fully takes over.
yes, i don't think there's been like a philosophical reconciliation or anything like that yet, but the direction is set, given the closing of the relative gap and increasing self-confidence and arrival on and pushing of the frontier in various areas. they've already learned and absorbed techniques especially in harder areas (tech, science) while in governance i think there are more learnings that they'll take (partially) when more confident, if only to increase responsiveness and adaptiveness
another interesting historical parallel i found from liang's writings was - back then there was a perfect inversion, with western overcapacity seeking to forcibly open up the chinese market to absorb their surplus, and a confident but backwards qing court unable and/or unwilling to rise to the threat. now china is seemingly doing the same to europe
Thank you for this article, which I found fascinating and illuminating. In particular, I had never thought about India and China each considering itself the Middle Kingdom. If only geographically, one can see that the Indian claim might be slightly stronger.
The clash between Buddhism and Taoism is also interesting, Though from the context here, I suspect that this was alchemical Taoism rather than the original strand of Laozi and Zhuangzi. My journey started out many years ago with Taoism and then into Buddhism, but I think the book 'China Root' by David Hinton offers a way to reconcile the two. His main thesis, as I recall it, is that Chinese Buddhism, particularly Chan Buddhism, owes much more to Taoism than is normally allowed.
The coevolution between Taoism, Buddhism, and Confucianism is fascinating, and it's an under-researched and underestimated dynamic. Looking closely at how they clashed and eventually merged could offer a window into how China handles ideological shifts today.
Indeed, the line between a Buddhist monk and a Taoist monk has always been blurry, as they sometimes share the same temple or the same mountain.
Human history seems like one long story of Nature telling us over and over, "you're not the middle of anything". 🙏🏻
My family is going on a trip to Shaoguan tomorrow where we will visit Huineng's resting place at Nanhua. You've got good timing!
The comparison between Buddhism and universal values is intriguing. It is too soon to tell what will happen to universal values in China (which are by the way being challenged by right-wing nationalism in "the West". While China's ethnocentrism is striking, it is not unique. It can be seen in Europe and other places. What is striking is the much smaller (nearly totally absent) interest of Chinese intellectuals in the non Chinese world. I never really understood why this is the case.
I think people naturally struggle to find interest in something that is fundamentally different. I suspect a huge part of this is the translation and discourse gap.
Unlike Islam and Christianity (which share a God), or Europe and India (which share deep linguistic roots), China lacks an obvious cultural bridge. Even Japan has adapted Christian motifs so widely, just look at how popular manga rely on Messiah and bloodline narratives, making them instantly readable.
By contrast, intellectual debate within China remains deeply self-referential, built on historically specific concepts that are difficult to translate or find parallels for. And "socialism" might be the most familiar cultural bridge left for China, which kind of explains why the topics covered regarding China are so heavily focused on its politics, institutions, and commerce.
BTW, in relation to universal values, I see many young Chinese intellectuals adopting Christianity as a way of supporting universal values. Despite being a Western import (from Russia), communism also contributed to a certain self-isolation. I am very ignorant about Taiwan, but it would seem that Taiwanese intellectuals are not that interested in the non-Chinese world, so there may be a Chinese specificity. I think what you say about specific concepts is certainly true. A student once gave me the English translation of an ancient Chinese history book (from before the Qin) and I understood nothing, because it was all about context. Your recent post about the changes in Chinese language was very illuminating to me.
Speaking of Taiwan and the search for universal values/identity, this actually reminds me of a historical parallel during the Northern and Southern Dynasties (386–589 AD).
Most of China's most colossal and enduring Buddhist relics, like the Yungang 云冈 and Longmen 龙门 Grottoes, were constructed by the Northern Dynasties (such as Northern Wei and Northern Qi). These dynasties were ruled by non-Han ethnic groups, like the Xianbei, who were labeled as 'barbarians' by the Southern Dynasties. And the Southern claimed to be the sole defenders of traditional orthodoxy.
To counter this Sino-barbarian dichotomy and establish their own political and cultural legitimacy, the Northern rulers heavily patronized Buddhism. Since Buddhism was a universal religion, it offered a 'third path.' It allowed Northern emperors to bypass the traditional Confucian lineage. In a way, those massive monuments weren't just religious; they were political monuments designed to forge a distinct, unified cultural identity that could rival the South's monopoly on orthodoxy.
So interesting, thanks for sharing!
Great essay! But I have a quibble. You say, “Buddhism survived, but never again as a rival for the loyalty of the ruling class.” But as I recall, the Qing ruling elite were very much Buddhist.
A good thing Xuanzang had those companions with him, going on such a dangerous road.
CHINA WAS & is nothing😂😂😂😂. 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗪𝗲𝘀𝘁/𝗘𝗨𝗥𝗢𝗣𝗘 𝗵𝗲𝗹𝗽𝗲𝗱 𝗰𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘁𝗲 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗺𝘆𝘁𝗵 𝗼𝗳 𝗮 “𝗖𝗵𝗶𝗻𝗲𝘀𝗲 𝗲𝗺𝗽𝗶𝗿𝗲” 𝘁𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝗻𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗿 𝘁𝗿𝘂𝗹𝘆 𝗲𝘅𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗱. 𝗖𝗵𝗶𝗻𝗮 𝗵𝗮𝘀 $𝟯.𝟯𝟱 𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗶𝗻 𝗳𝗼𝗿𝗲𝗶𝗴𝗻 𝗲𝘅𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲 𝗿𝗲𝘀𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗲𝘀, 𝘄𝗵𝗶𝗰𝗵 𝗶𝘀 𝘄𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝗴𝗶𝘃𝗲𝘀 𝗶𝘁 𝗹𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗿𝗮𝗴𝗲 𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗿 𝗔𝗺𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗰𝗮 (EUROPEAN LEFTOVERS). Because of this leverage China pushed for market access, local manufacturing & technology transfer from foreign firms operating in China. Foreign companies have long complained about pressure to share technology as a condition for operating in China.
𝗖𝗛𝗜𝗡𝗔 𝗵𝗮𝘀 𝗻𝗼𝘁𝗵𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗻𝗲𝘄 𝘁𝗼 𝗼𝗳𝗳𝗲𝗿 𝘁𝗼 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝘄𝗼𝗿𝗹𝗱, 𝗶𝘁 𝗰𝗼𝗽𝗶𝗲𝘀 𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘆𝘁𝗵𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗳𝗿𝗼𝗺 𝗔𝗠𝗘𝗥𝗜𝗖𝗔.𝗜𝘁 𝘄𝗶𝗹𝗹 𝘁𝗮𝗸𝗲 𝘁𝗶𝗺𝗲 𝗯𝘂𝘁 “𝗖𝗛𝗜𝗡𝗔 𝗪𝗜𝗟𝗟 𝗖𝗢𝗟𝗟𝗔𝗣𝗦𝗘". 𝗖𝗛𝗜𝗡𝗔 𝗜𝗦 𝗣𝗔𝗥𝗔𝗦𝗜𝗧𝗘 𝗖𝗥𝗘𝗔𝗧𝗘𝗗 𝗕𝗬 𝗪𝗛𝗜𝗧𝗘𝗦 𝗢𝗙 𝗔𝗠𝗘𝗥𝗜𝗖𝗔. This PARASITE is eating ASIA, it has to go, its destruction is inevitable & it will be permanent.
𝗨𝗡𝗜𝗧𝗘𝗗 𝗖𝗛𝗜𝗡𝗔 𝗜𝗦 𝗠𝗬𝗧𝗛, Tibet Is Not China. Taiwan Is Not China, East Turkistan Is Not China, Inner Mongolia Is Not China, Manchuria Is Not China. There is no “One China.” East Turkistan, Tibet, Hongkong, Southern Mongolia, and Manchuria will be freed from Chinese occupation, and China itself will be liberated from the brutal grip of the CCP regime.
In Methunadhamma (Vinaypitaka) of Buddhism, Buddhist monk raped girl child, she died. Buddha said,"There is no crime causing expulsion from Buddhist Sangha". All 7 Buddhist countries are made after committing genocides of local tribes. Buddhism originated in ancient India roughly 2,500 years ago. Consider BUDDHISM as field guide for ABRAHAMIC RELIGIONS.
𝗭𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗶𝘀𝗺 𝗶𝘀 𝗮 𝗰𝗼𝗹𝗼𝗻𝗶𝗮𝗹 𝗽𝗿𝗼𝗷𝗲𝗰𝘁.
ISLAM IS CURSE ON THE PLANET.
𝐈𝐟 𝐙𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐈𝐒𝐌 (𝐉𝐄𝐖ISH Perpetrators) 𝐰𝐞𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐠𝐚𝐢𝐧𝐬𝐭 𝐖𝐄𝐒𝐓/EUROPE, 𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐧 𝐰𝐡𝐲 𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐲 𝐁𝐎𝐌𝐁 𝐨𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐫 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐬 𝐞𝐱𝐜𝐞𝐩𝐭 𝐄𝐔𝐑𝐎𝐏𝐄. 𝐉𝐄𝐖𝐒 𝐚𝐫𝐞 𝐒𝐎𝐔𝐑𝐂𝐄 𝐨𝐟 𝐀𝐛𝐫𝐚𝐡𝐚𝐦𝐢𝐜 𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐭𝐬 & 𝐬𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐜𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐦𝐢𝐬𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐰𝐨𝐫𝐥𝐝.
𝐙𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐈𝐒𝐌 𝐨𝐫 𝐉𝐄𝐖𝐒 𝐢𝐧 𝐦𝐢𝐝𝐝𝐥𝐞 𝐞𝐚𝐬𝐭 𝐚𝐫𝐞 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐖𝐄𝐒𝐓𝐄𝐑𝐍 𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐞 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐫𝐞𝐠𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐥𝐨𝐨𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐜𝐞𝐬. 𝐀𝐟𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐥𝐨𝐨𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐥𝐚𝐧𝐝 & 𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐜𝐞𝐬 𝐢𝐧 𝐦𝐢𝐝𝐝𝐥𝐞 𝐞𝐚𝐬𝐭, 𝐙𝐈𝐎𝐍𝐈𝐒𝐓 𝐂𝐎𝐋𝐎𝐍𝐈𝐀𝐋𝐒 𝐰𝐢𝐥𝐥 𝐜𝐨𝐦𝐞 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐀𝐒𝐈𝐀.
4.4 billion creatures, comprising over 50% of the global population follow DESERT CULTS/CIRCUMCISED GANGS/Middle Eastern THINGS (JUDAISM=Source of Abrahamic cults, Christianity=Cheap copy of judaism, Islam=Judaism planted on Arab pagan culture) abuse vulnerable (WOMEN & CHILDREN). 𝑺𝒐, 𝒘𝒉𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒗𝒆𝒓 𝒚𝒐𝒖 𝒇𝒐𝒍𝒍𝒐𝒘, 𝒘𝒉𝒆𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓 𝒊𝒕’𝒔 “𝑴𝒀𝑻𝑯𝑰𝑪𝑨𝑳 𝑽𝑰𝑹𝑮𝑰𝑵 𝑭𝑼𝑪”𝑬𝑹 𝒁𝑶𝑴𝑩𝑰𝑬 𝑱𝑬𝑺𝑼𝑺 𝑪𝑯𝑹𝑰𝑺𝑻” 𝒐𝒓 𝑹𝑨𝑷”𝑺𝑻 𝘼𝙍𝘼𝘽 𝑴𝑼𝑯𝑨𝑴𝑴𝑨𝑫 𝒐𝒓 𝒔𝒉𝒐𝒗𝒆 𝒚𝒐𝒖𝒓 𝑪𝑶”𝑲 𝒊𝒏 𝒚𝒐𝒖𝒓 𝑹𝑬𝑪𝑻𝑼𝑴 & 𝒘𝒂𝒊𝒕 𝒇𝒐𝒓 “𝑶𝒍𝒂𝒎 𝑯𝒂-𝑩𝒂” 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒆𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒚, 𝒋𝒖𝒔𝒕 𝒍𝒆𝒂𝒗𝒆 𝒏𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒗𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒎𝒖𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒆𝒔 𝒂𝒍𝒐𝒏𝒆.
Certain groups (WHITES OF EUROPE & ISLAMISTS of Middle East) have normalized this idea that everyone must collectively take responsibility, regardless of actual involvement. So, FUCK WORLD WARS, FUCK HOLOCAUST, FUCK PALESTINE & FINAL FUCK goes to CIRCUMCISED GANGS (JUDAISM, Christianity, Islam).
“Everything happening in America is designed to benefit Europe, directly or indirectly, WORLD POLITICS & RELIGION ARE JUST THEATRICS”.
Interesting how Chinese Buddhists never took the Western Christian route of Crusade to "reclaim" the original homeland of their faith. Muslims both invaded and conquered Christian and Buddhist lands in the Levant and Northern India. Why the different approaches I wonder? Were the European Christians more sincere in their faith of Christianity, while the Chinese Buddhists were not?
I think it really comes down to how "religion" is defined; mapping Buddhism onto Christianity is mostly just a convenient parallel. Buddhism is not about the belief in a single God, it doesn’t view geography as sacred property to be conquered. This makes it more of a system that is designed to migrate, mutate, and breed across cultures